[灌水]成者为王，败者为僧：徐敬业、骆宾王、黄巢、明建文帝、李自成

释观清

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>中国有句俗语，“成王败寇”，中华五千年的“文明史”，可以为之作注解的，只怕想数都数不过来呢。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">可是小僧近来读史，发现自佛教兴盛后，竟似有个“<STRONG><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">成者为王，败者为僧</SPAN></STRONG>”的（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>A</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、优良；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>B</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、怪异；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>C</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、有趣；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>D</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、奇怪；</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>E</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">、以上都不是）传统。虽然都关乎“小说”“笔记”，却也是个很有趣的文化现象。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>下面按出场顺序排列，不分先后（那都是角儿，不能得罪）：</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">徐敬业、骆宾王</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>《太平广记》卷第九十一　异僧五<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>徐敬业<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">唐则天朝，徐敬业扬州作乱，则天讨之，军败而遁。敬业竟养一人，貌类于己，而宠遇之。及敬业败，擒得所养者，斩其元以为敬业。而敬业实隐大孤山，与同伴数十人结庐不通人事。乃削发为僧，其侣亦多削发。天宝初，有老僧法名住括，年九十余，与弟子至南岳衡山寺访诸僧而居之，月余。忽集诸僧徒，忏悔杀人罪咎。僧徒异之。老僧曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">汝颇闻有徐敬业乎？则吾身也。吾兵败，入于大孤山，精勤修道。今命将终，故来此寺，令世人知吾已证第四果矣。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">因自言死期。果如期而卒。遂葬于衡山。（出《纪闻》）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>骆宾王<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">唐考工员外郎宋之问以事累贬黜，后放还，至江南。游灵隐寺，夜月极明，长廊行吟，且为诗曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">鹫岭郁苕峣龙宫锁寂寥。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">第一联搜奇覃思，终不如意。有老僧点长命灯，坐大禅床，问曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">少年夜久不寐，而吟讽甚苦，何耶？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">之问答曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">弟子业诗，适遇欲题此寺，而兴思不属。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">僧曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">试吟上联。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">即吟与之，再三吟讽，因曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">何不云楼观沧海日，门对浙江潮？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">之问愕然，讶其道丽。又续终篇曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">桂子月中落，天香云外飘。扪萝登塔远，刳木取泉遥。霜薄花更发，冰轻叶未凋。待入天台路，看余度石桥。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN></FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">僧所赠句，乃为一篇之警策。迟明更访之，则不复见矣。寺僧有知者曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">此骆宾王也。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">之向诘之，答曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">当徐敬业之败，与宾王俱逃，捕之不获。将帅虑失大魁，得不测罪，时死者数万人，因求类二人者函首以献。后虽知不死，不敢捕送，故敬业得为衡山僧，年九十余乃卒。宾王亦落发，遍游名山，至灵隐，以周岁卒。当时虽败，且以兴复唐朝为名，故人多获脱之。（出《本事诗》）<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">黄巢</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>王明清《挥尘后录》（津逮秘书本）卷五云：</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">顷见王仁裕《洛阳漫录》云：“张全义为西京留守，识黄巢于群僧中”。而陶</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">榖</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>《五代乱记》云：“巢既遁免，祝发为浮屠，有诗云：三十年前草上飞，铁衣着尽着僧衣；天津桥上无人问，独倚危栏看落晖。”</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftn2" name=_ftnref2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">[2]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT size=3>又，僧史言：巢有塔在西京龙门，号翠微禅师，而世传巢后往雪窦，所谓雪窦禅师即巢也。然明州雪窦山有黄巢墓，岁时邑官遣人祀之至今。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">明建文帝</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>《续英烈传》后几回都在说他怎么做和尚的。他的墓据说在江苏吴县。<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">李自成：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.9pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><STRONG><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></STRONG></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>何璘《沣州志》云：</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">“李闯之死，野史载通城罗公山，《明史》载通城九宫山，其以为死于村民，一也。今按罗公山，实在黔阳，而九宫山实在通州县，其言通城，皆误也。有<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="孙">孙</st1:PersonName>教授为余言：李自成实窜沣州，至清化驿，随十余骑走牯牛坝，在今安福县境。复乘骑去，独窜石门之夹山为僧，今其坟尚在。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">’</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">云云。余讶之，特至夹山。见寺旁有石塔，复以屋，塔面大书</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">‘</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">奉天玉和尚</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">’</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">。前有碑，乃其徒野拂文，载和尚不知谁氏子。一老僧年七十余，尚能言夹山旧事，云和尚顺治初入寺，事律门，不言来自何处，其声似西人。后数年复有一僧来，云是其徒，乃宗门，号野拂，江南人，事和尚甚谨。和尚卒于康熙甲辰岁二月，约年七十。临终，有遗言于野拂，彼时幼，不与闻。寺尚藏有遗像，命取视之，则高颧深颐，鸱目蝎鼻，状貌狰狞，与《明史》所载正同。自成僭号奉天倡义大元帅，后复自称新顺王。其自称奉天玉和尚，盖自寓加点以讳之。而野拂以宗门为律门弟子，事之甚谨，岂其旧日臣相与左右者与？《明史》于九宫山</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">鉏</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">死之自成，亦云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">‘</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">我兵遣识者验其尸，朽莫辨。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">’</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">而老僧亲闻謦</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">欬</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">，其西音又</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312">足异也。”<B><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 19.2pt 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7; mso-para-margin-top: 0cm; mso-para-margin-right: 1.83gd; mso-para-margin-bottom: .0001pt; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>清案：</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>刘项之争要是晚个几百年，恐怕项羽就去做和尚了。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.85pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.7"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>有补充的吗？</FONT></SPAN></P>&lt;DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><BR clear=all><FONT size=3><HR align=left width="33%" SIZE=1></FONT>&lt;DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref1" name=_ftn1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[1]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">诗见《全唐诗》卷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>53</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">。</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;DIV id=ftn2 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/newtopic.asp?forumid=10#_ftnref2" name=_ftn2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">[2]</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><SPAN lang=EN-US> </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">有说此诗篡改自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US><A href="ebook:qts_0411.htmauthers/qzz_0847.htm"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; text-underline: none"><SPAN lang=EN-US>元稹</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《智度师二首》，《全唐诗》卷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>411</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">：“四十年前马上飞，功名藏尽拥禅衣。石榴园下擒生处，独自闲行独自归。”“三陷思明三突围，铁衣抛尽衲禅衣。天津桥上无人识，闲凭栏干望落晖。”</SPAN></P>&lt;/DIV>&lt;/DIV>

笨者之帚

英雄老去例逃禅，宿将还山不论兵。

小白杨

<P><FONT face=宋体>这些是野史小说，可信度甚微呀。</FONT></P><P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">徐敬业、骆宾王，好象正史记载中，是当时就死亡了的。</SPAN></P><P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">由此想起了佛教界一些关于中国历史人物的三世因果的故事，觉得其真实性大多可疑。</SPAN></P>

宗光

<span id="yuyuzi"><strong><font size="3"><span style="font-family: 宋体;">明建文帝据说是跑到藏地去做了和尚。<br><br></span></font></strong></span>

天青琉璃

<P>我从反面所说？未显贵前是和尚的：</P><P>隋炀帝自小长在寺院里，是他当比丘尼的姑姑带大的。</P><P>朱元璋发迹前也是和尚。</P><P>元末战争中还有一个有名的和尚，叫彭莹玉，参与战事。</P><P>野史说，顺治后来去出家了。</P><P>记得唐末某位皇帝登基前也曾经当过和尚，而且是禅宗灯录上有名有姓的，写了首咏瀑布的什么禅诗，什么“千山万壑拦不住”云云，据说另一位禅师从此观见此人有帝王景象，非是佛门衲子……</P>

思本

<P>这位出家人有点意思.</P><P>什么是败? 拿什么来衡量的? 如果说人生的结局都是一个死字,我看没有什么不败的,至少是败在死神的脚下了.</P><P>相对而言,那些自以为成功的人更可怜一些,因为他们真以为他们成功了,万岁了,可是,到头来失望得好惨.</P><P>倒是那些看破红尘,"见好就收"的人或者可以说是真实的活了一把, 没有浪费了人生,不管最后证悟到了哪一层,到死得时候较少遗憾, 从这个意义上说,&nbsp;倒是更成功一些了.&nbsp;</P>

释观清

<BLOCKQUOTE><STRONG>引用</STRONG>：<HR>原文由 <B>天青琉璃</B> 发表于 <I>2005-6-24 11:30:33</I> :<BR><P><FONT color=#f709f7>隋炀帝</FONT>自小长在寺院里，是他当比丘尼的姑姑带大的。</P><HR></BLOCKQUOTE>是隋文帝。有说他是某大师后生的。

释观清

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>皇帝出家</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>说到这里，倒是想起来一个绝对真实的“皇帝出家”的事。南宋恭帝赵显！</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">小皇帝赵显投降蒙古人，被送到萨迦寺作了和尚。学得还蛮好，做到“总持”，被称为“缅孜拉尊”，就是“蛮子皇帝和尚”。还翻译了好几部经论为藏文，就有《因明入正理论》。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>1323</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">年被赐死于河西，据说流白血。</SPAN></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>记得又有一部藏传史料说：拉尊死前发了个誓，说要报仇。结果，元朝的天下就由一个还俗的和尚夺去了，而那个和尚（朱元璋）就是“拉尊”的再来云云。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>《西藏王统记》、《贤者喜宴》、《红史》、《新红史》、《佛祖历代通载》都有点介绍，我就不输入了。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>再说个闲话，梁武帝的出家法名知道叫啥么？</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>《续高僧传》卷十七《智顗传》：“冠达，梁武法名。”</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>哈哈，会不会又有人批评俺不务正业：）</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>最近读僧史，有趣的事情看到很多，既然有人反对，那我也收敛些，不多说了。</FONT></SPAN></P>

圣护

有反对的还有支持的呢。<br><br>至少现在反对与支持一比一。（我强烈支持）<br><br>要不要发起个投票？:P<br>

天青琉璃

<P>我也支持～！</P>

云水堂主

朱元璋哪里能算和尚？

释观清

<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3><IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/37.gif">又，隋炀帝法名叫——“总持”</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><FONT size=3><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;">《续高僧传》卷第十七《释智顗传》：</SPAN> </FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>……即於内第，躬传戒香，授律仪法。告曰：“大士为度，远济为宗，名实相符，义非轻约。今可法名为‘总持’也，用摄相兼之道也。”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><FONT size=3>王顶受其旨教曰：“大师禅慧内融，导之法泽，辄奉名为‘智者’。”<SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt 17.95pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.95pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.71; mso-para-margin-left: 1.71gd"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p><FONT size=3>&nbsp;</FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><FONT size=3>智顗大师为隋炀帝受（菩萨）戒，取法名为“总持”。隋炀帝也奉大师为“智者”（他倒是不肯吃亏，呵呵）。</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; mso-hansi-font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;"><IMG src="http://www.gelu.org/bbs/images/Emotions/40.gif"></SPAN></P>