奉献

肃火斤

附件.

Mongolia

1800 - 1899

Gelug and Buddhist Lineages

68.58x156.21cm (27x61.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Wrathful Offerings (Tibetan: kang dze) for the important protectors of the Gelugpa School. An array of various fearsome symbols representing objects that are suitable for offering up to the wrathful deities and protectors.

Tibetan: Kang dze


Located at the center above a lotus, sun disc and white prone figures are the hand objects, garments and ornaments of the meditational deity Vajrabhairava. In the middle is the curved knife and skullcup that are held in the first pair of hands. Surrounding that is a garland of fresh human heads, bracelets, crown of five dry skulls with ribbons and earrings. As a backdrop are the elephant hide and long dark scarf. At the left and right are the remaining 34 hand objects.


Along the top, in place of an ornate latticework and looped garlands, are hanging human skins, intestines, parasols and black birds.


At the left side of the composition and moving to the right are the objects and attributes for the protector deities; Vaishravana, Shri Devi Magzor Gyalmo, Six-armed Shadbhuja Mahakala, and Hayagriva. To the right of the central set of objects, belonging to Vajrabhairava, are the objects of Yama Dharmaraja, the Six-armed White Mahakala, Four-faced Chaturbhuja Mahakala and finally, Guan Yu, the Chinese god of war. Hayagriva and Vajrabhairava are meditational deities, however in the Gelugpa tradition of Tibetan and Mongolian Buddhism they are often included amongst the protectors.

At the lower left are nine objects in a row. The first is a golden bowl atop a lotus seat, filled with the five objects of sensory enjoyment. The next group are the Seven Jewels of Royal Power each on their own lotus seat; a General, Horse, Elephant, Minister, Queen, Jewel and Wheel. The final object at the right of those is a white skullcup filled with representations of the physical senses; eyes, nose, tongue, ears, and heart. Beneath those are a row of further auspicious offerings.

At the lower right are the Eight Symbols of Good Fortune (Eight Auspicious Symbols). Reading them from right to left they are; the Parasol, Golden Fish, Treasure Vase, Lotus, Right-turning Conch Shell, Glorious Endless Knot, Victory Sign, and the Wheel.

Below those at the lower right are the Eight Bringers of Good Fortune, beginning at the left; the Mirror, Ghiwang Medicine, Yogurt, Durva Grass, Bilva Fruit, Right-turning Conch Shell, Cinnabar, and Mustard Seeds.

At the bottom center is the great mountain, Mount Meru, at the center of each Buddhist world system. The top is in the heavens and wider than the base. It rises from a blue ocean below and the sun and moon are located half way up the mountain. On top of the ocean coloured geometric shapes can be seen. These represent the four continents each accompanied by two smaller islands. The southern continent, Jambudvipa, the world of ancient India is located in the foreground and colouired blue.

Along the bottom are various weapons, spears, lances, swords, shields, musical instruments, animal pelts and hides, wild animals, black horses, black yaks and black wolves, some as offerings and others as messengers and attendants to the various protectors.


These types of paintings would commonly hang in the smaller Protector temples (Tibetan: gon kang) of monasteries and represent an offering of all the symbols of those specific deities.

肃火斤

附件.

Mongolia

1700 - 1799

Buddhist Lineage

46.99x34.93cm (18.50x13.75in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

Wrathful Offerings (Tibetan: kang dze) to the Six-handed Great Black One (Tib.: gon po chag drug pa. Sanskrit: Shadbhuja Mahakala). Displaying all the wrathful hand objects, vestments, attire and offerings that are special to Mahakala.

Tibetan: Kang dze

Located at the upper middle above a pink lotus, orange sun disc and white prone figure of Ganesh are the hand objects, garments and ornaments of the Six-handed Mahakala. In the middle is the curved knife and skullcup that are held in the first pair of hands. Surrounding that is the garland of fresh human heads, bracelets, crown of five dry skulls with red ribbons and earrings. As a backdrop are the elephant hide and long dark scarf. At the left are the remaining hand objects, a garland of skulls and a damaru hand drum; on the right a trident and lasso.

In a black bowl at the left side are the Eight Auspicious Symbols. In a bowl on the right are the Seven Jewels of Royalty. Along the top, in place of an ornate latticework and looped garlands, are hanging human skins, dangling hearts and white skulls with loops of red intestine from mouth to mouth. Below that is a flock of 13 black birds swooping and soaring with gore hanging from their beaks.

At the sides of the lotus seat are two skullcups of wrathful offerings. Below is a large pink triangular torma (stylized food) offering. Various horn instruments and weapons; spears, lances, swords, shields and the like stand at the sides, upright, leaning against a red railing. Below that is an assortment of animal pelts and hides. At the lower center is a representation of the celestial palace and below that the garb of a warrior surrounded by various instruments used to perform the worship of the wrathful protector. Surrounding all of that are wild animals, black horses, black yaks and black wolves, some as offerings and others as messengers and attendants to the protector.

These types of paintings would commonly hang in the smaller Protector temples of monasteries and represent an offering of all the symbols of a specific deity.

肃火斤

附件.

Torma: offerings made in the image of blood and flesh for the wrathful deities.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件.

Wrathful Offerings (Tibetan: kang dze) for the important protectors of the Gelugpa School. An array of various fearsome symbols representing objects that are suitable for offering up to the deities.

Mongolia

1800 - 1899

Gelug Lineage

33.66x97.79cm (13.25x38.50in)

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Rubin Museum of Art

肃火斤

附件.

Wrathful Offerings (Tibetan: kang dze) for the protector Panjarnata Mahakala. An array of various symbols representing objects that are suitable for offing up to the deity.

Tibet

1800 - 1899

Sakya Lineage

Ground Mineral Pigment on Cotton

Collection of Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art

肃火斤

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http://www.gelupa.org/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=9428

http://www.gelu.org/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=9266&pid=78364&page=2&extra=#pid78364

[ 本帖最后由 语自在 于 2010-11-18 17:03 编辑 ]